Rubber ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bya elastike ya elastike, munsi yimikorere yingufu ntoya yo hanze, irashobora kwerekana urwego rwo hejuru rwo guhindagurika, kandi nyuma yimbaraga zo hanze zikuweho, irashobora gusubira muburyo bwambere.Bitewe nuburyo bukomeye bwa reberi, ikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya, guhungabana, gufunga imbaraga, nibindi. Gusaba mubikorwa byo gucapa birimo ibizingo bitandukanye bya reberi hamwe n'ibiringiti byo gucapa.Hamwe niterambere ryinganda za rubber, ibicuruzwa bya reberi byateye imbere kuva kumikoreshereze imwe ya reberi karemano kugeza kuri reberi zitandukanye.
1. rubber
Rubber karemano yiganjemo hydrocarbone (polyisoprene), irimo proteine nkeya, amazi, aside aside, isukari hamwe nunyunyu ngugu.Rubber karemano ifite elastique nini, imbaraga zingana cyane, irwanya amarira meza hamwe n’amashanyarazi, kurwanya neza amapfa no kurwanya amapfa, gutunganya neza, reberi karemano byoroshye guhuza nibindi bikoresho, kandi imikorere yayo muri rusange ni nziza kuruta reberi nyinshi.Inenge ya reberi karemano ni ukurwanya ogisijeni na ozone, byoroshye gusaza no kwangirika;kutarwanya amavuta na solve, kurwanya aside na alkali, kurwanya ruswa nke;ubushyuhe buke.Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa reberi karemano: hafi -60℃~ + 80℃.Rubber karemano ikoreshwa mugukora amapine, inkweto za reberi, ingofero, kaseti, kubika insinga hamwe ninsinga zinsinga ninsinga, nibindi bicuruzwa rusange.Rubber karemano irakwiriye cyane cyane mugukora ibyuma bikurura torsional, ibyuma bikurura moteri, ibyuma bifata imashini, ibikoresho byo guhagarika ibyuma, diaphragms, nibicuruzwa bibumbabumbwe.
2. SBR
SBR ni kopolymer ya butadiene na styrene.Imikorere ya reberi ya styrene-butadiene yegereye iy'ibisanzwe, kandi kuri ubu niwo musaruro munini wa reberi rusange.Ibiranga reberi ya styrene-butadiene ni uko irwanya kwambara, kurwanya gusaza no kurwanya ubushyuhe burenze reberi karemano, kandi imiterere yayo ni imwe kuruta reberi karemano.Ingaruka za reberi ya styrene-butadiene ni: elastique nkeya, kwihanganira flex no kurwanya amarira;imikorere mibi yo gutunganya, cyane cyane kwifata nabi no gukomera kwicyatsi kibisi.Ubushyuhe bwa styrene-butadiene reberi: hafi -50℃~ + 100℃.Rubber ya Styrene butadiene ikoreshwa cyane mugusimbuza reberi karemano kugirango ikore amapine, amabati, amabati, inkweto za reberi nibindi bicuruzwa rusange
3. Nitrile rubber
Rubber ya Nitrile ni kopolymer ya butadiene na acrylonitrile.Rubber ya Nitrile irangwa no kurwanya cyane amavuta ya hydrocarubone ya lisansi na alifatique, iyakabiri nyuma ya reberi ya polysulfide, estry acrylic ester na fluor reberi, naho reberi ya nitrile iruta izindi reberi rusange.Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza, gukomera kwumwuka mwiza, kwambara no kurwanya amazi, hamwe no gukomera.Ingaruka za reberi ya nitrile ni ubukonje bukabije no kurwanya ozone, imbaraga nke na elastique, kutarwanya aside, kutagira amashanyarazi mabi, no kurwanya imishwarara ya polar.Ubushyuhe bwa reberi ya nitrile: hafi -30℃~ + 100℃.Rubber ya Nitrile ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birwanya amavuta, nka hose, ibicuruzwa bifunga kashe, imashini ya reberi, nibindi.
4. Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
Hydrogenated nitrile rubber ni copolymer ya butadiene na acrylonitrile.Rubber ya hydrogène nitrile iboneka muburyo bwuzuye cyangwa igice cya hydrogene ihuza imigozi ibiri muri butadiene ya NBR.Rubber ya hydrogène nitrile irangwa nimbaraga zo gukanika no kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya ubushyuhe biruta NBR iyo bihujwe na peroxide, nibindi bintu bisa na reberi ya nitrile.Ingaruka za hydrogenated nitrile reberi nigiciro cyayo cyo hejuru.Ubushyuhe bwa hydrogène nitrile reberi: hafi -30℃~ + 150℃.Rubber ya hydrogène nitrile ikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bifunga amavuta kandi birinda ubushyuhe bwinshi.
5. Rubber ya Ethylene
Rubber ya Ethylene propylene ni kopolymer ya Ethylene na propylene, kandi muri rusange igabanyijemo ibice bibiri bya Yuan Ethylene propylene na reberi eshatu.Rubber ya Ethylene-propylene irangwa no kurwanya ozone nziza, kurwanya ultraviolet, kurwanya ikirere no kurwanya gusaza, biza ku mwanya wa mbere muri reberi rusange.Rubber ya Ethylene-propylene ifite amashanyarazi meza, irwanya imiti, ingaruka za elastique, aside na alkali irwanya imbaraga, imbaraga zidasanzwe, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mukuzuza cyane.Kurwanya ubushyuhe birashobora kugera kuri 150°C, kandi irwanya polar solvent-ketone, esters, nibindi, ariko reberi ya Ethylene propylene ntishobora kurwanya hydrocarbone ya alifatique na hydrocarbone ya aromatiya.Ibindi bintu bifatika nubukanishi bwa etylene propylene reberi birutwa gato na reberi karemano kandi biruta reberi ya styrene butadiene.Ingaruka ya reberi ya Ethylene-propylene ni uko ifite kwifata nabi no gufatana, kandi ntibyoroshye guhuza.Ubushyuhe bwa etylene propylene reberi: hafi -50℃~ + 150℃.Rubber ya Ethylene-propylene ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ibikoresho bya shimi bitondekanya, insinga hamwe nogukata insinga, icyuma cyogosha, umukandara wa convoyeur utarwanya ubushyuhe, ibikoresho bya reberi yimodoka nibindi bicuruzwa byinganda.
6. Rubber
Rubiceri ya silicone ni reberi idasanzwe hamwe na atome ya silicon na ogisijeni mumurongo nyamukuru.Ibikoresho bya Silicon bigira uruhare runini muri reberi ya silicone.Ibintu nyamukuru biranga reberi ya silicone byombi birwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (kugeza 300°C) nubushyuhe buke (hasi -100°C).Kuri ubu ni reberi nziza irwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru;icyarimwe, reberi ya silicone ifite amashanyarazi meza kandi ihamye kuri okiside yumuriro na ozone.Irwanya cyane kandi inimiti.Ibibi bya reberi ya silicone ni imbaraga nke za mashini, kutarwanya amavuta, kurwanya solvent, aside na alkali birwanya, bigoye kurigata, kandi bihenze cyane.Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa silicone: -60℃~ + 200℃.Rubber ya silicone ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibicuruzwa birwanya ubushyuhe buke kandi buke (hose, kashe, nibindi), hamwe ninsinga zidashobora kwihanganira insinga hamwe n’umugozi.Kubera ko idafite uburozi kandi butaryoshye, reberi ya silicone nayo ikoreshwa mubiribwa nubuvuzi.
7. reberi ya polyurethane
Rubber ya polyurethane ifite elastomer ikorwa na polymerisation ya polyester (cyangwa polyether) hamwe na diisocyanate.Ibikoresho bya polyurethane birangwa no kurwanya abrasion nziza, bikaba byiza mubwoko bwose bwa reberi;reberi ya polyurethane ifite imbaraga nyinshi, elastique nziza kandi irwanya amavuta meza.Ibikoresho bya polyurethane nabyo ni byiza cyane mu kurwanya ozone, kurwanya gusaza, no gukomera kwikirere.Ibibi bya reberi ya polyurethane ni ukutarwanya ubushyuhe buke, amazi mabi no kurwanya alkali, hamwe no kutarwanya hydrocarbone ya aromatiya, hydrocarbone ya chlorine, hamwe na solve nka ketone, esters, na alcool.Koresha ubushyuhe bwa polyurethane reberi: hafi -30℃~ + 80℃.Rubber ya polyurethane ikoreshwa mugukora amapine hafi yibice, gasketi, ibicuruzwa bitagira shitingi, imashini ya reberi, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byangiza, imbaraga nyinshi kandi birinda amavuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2021